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Ass. Prof. Ricardo Aguas

Ass. Prof. Ricardo Aguas

Contact information


ricardo.aguas@ndm.ox.ac.uk

Ricardo Aguas

Associate Professor

MAEMOD

Malaria transmission dynamics and optimizing intervention planning.

I have been developing a fully dynamic transmission model to simulate targeted malaria elimination strategies (METF) currently undergoing in SE Asia. The model is to be calibrated to the METF transmission settings and run in real time to explore options for study design. It will also be used as a bridge to scale up by projecting the impact of large scale strategy options for larger populations with an additional cost element.

Genotype to phenotype mapping

Moving away from genome scan methods used for human GWAS (ultimately inappropriate for the short highly polymorphic genomes of RNA viruses), I have done some work demonstrating the potential of multi-class machine learning algorithms in inferring the functional genetic changes associated with phenotypic change (e.g. a virus crossing the species barrier). These methods allow to uncover a set of features/insights that ultimately could be quite relevant in understanding viral transmission across host species:

  • They show that even distantly related viruses within a viral family share highly conserved genetic signatures of host specificity;
  • Reinforce how fitness landscapes of host adaptation are shaped by host phylogeny;
  • Highlight the evolutionary trajectories of RNA viruses in rapid expansion and under great evolutionary pressure.

These methods can serve as rigorous tools of emergence potential assessment, specifically in scenarios where rapid host classification of newly emerging viruses can be more important than identifying putative functional sites.

The first two principal components of the PCA undertaken using (a) SARS coronavirus complete spike protein nucleotide sequences, and (b) nucleotides selected by the RFA.
The first two principal components of the PCA undertaken using (a) SARS coronavirus complete spike protein nucleotide sequences, and (b) nucleotides selected by the RFA.
Superimposed 2-dimensional antigenic maps generated from predicted antigenic distances (in colour) using a machine learning algorithm to establish an explicit genotype to phenotype map; and from HI titre data (in grey).
Superimposed 2-dimensional antigenic maps generated from predicted antigenic distances (in colour) using a machine learning algorithm to establish an explicit genotype to phenotype map; and from HI titre data (in grey).
Individual based model simulations of a mass drug administration (MDA) in 800 villages with different malaria epidemiological initial conditions. Left - 1 MDA set; Right - 2 MDA sets.
Individual based model simulations of a mass drug administration (MDA) in 800 villages with different malaria epidemiological initial conditions. Left - 1 MDA set; Right - 2 MDA sets.

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