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Morphology variants of the hip such as coxa recta (aspherical femoral head and/or reduced head-neck concavity) or coxa profunda (overcoverage, or "deep" socket) are associated with cam and pincer impingement respectively, and may ultimately lead to coxarthrosis. Several population studies have documented the prevalence of hip morphotypes, but few studies have examined this prevalence in total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients, or persons without hip symptoms or signs.
We reviewed whether coxa recta and profunda morphotypes were more prevalent in THA patients compared to normal controls. Further, we explored differences in hip abductor mechanism related to hip morphology.
We examined 113 THA patients and 83 normal controls with anteroposterior pelvic and lateral hip 
radiographs. Coxa recta and profunda were classified with alpha and lateral CE-angle, respectively. The abductor ratio (AR) was measured on AP pelvic radiographs.
Both coxa recta and profunda were more prevalent in THA patients than normal controls (coxa recta: male 42% vs 8%, female 15% vs 5%, respectively and coxa profunda: male 20% vs 1%, female 19% vs 6% respectively). AR was higher in females than males, both in THA patients (1.66 vs 1.47) and normal controls (1.68 vs 1.57). Coxa profunda was associated with a lower AR (1.54 vs 1.61).
The higher prevalence of coxa recta and profunda in arthroplasty patients supports the theory of a role of these morphotypes in the development of coxarthrosis. The higher AR in females signifies the need for increased abductor work. Coxa profunda may be an adaptation to lower the AR.

Original publication

DOI

10.5301/hipint.5000012

Type

Journal article

Journal

Hip Int

Publication Date

05/2013

Volume

23

Pages

287 - 292

Keywords

Acetabulum, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Female, Femoracetabular Impingement, Femur Head, Follow-Up Studies, Hip Joint, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Retrospective Studies